After the UAV market was brought into fire, many industries upstream of the supply chain have regained vitality, such as carbon fiber, battery and even landing gear. Among them, many accessories are adapting to the changes of UAV industry, such as motors.
The rise of UAVs gives hope to these enterprises originally engaged in ordinary motor manufacturing. Some enterprises begin to take this opportunity to enter the UAV motor market. Even enterprises originally engaged in intelligent terminals, security and even toys also enter the UAV field in large quantities.
In fact, motor is short for motor, which is generally called motor. It is a converter that converts electric energy into mechanical energy, which is composed of stator and rotor; Iron core and magnetic steel are the main components. The working principle of the motor is similar to that of a magnet. The same electrodes are generated by electricity, which repel each other, resulting in the rotation of the motor.
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UAV was first developed in the era of aircraft model. Since aircraft model is the predecessor of UAV, what motor was used in aircraft model at the earliest time? The earliest aircraft model used a brush motor with a built-in mechanical commutator. The rotor has an iron core in the middle. At the back end of the iron core, there are more than three copper sheets, which supply power to the coil through the carbon brush tightly clamped on the outside. With the rotation of the motor, the carbon brushes clamped on both sides are fixed, which plays the role of commutation in the process of motor rotation. This can also be called commutator. The commutator constantly changes direction with the rotation of the motor, and the outside of the rotor is tightly attached to the motor shell by two pieces of magnetic steel.
However, the brush motor has the advantages of large volume, bulky, low power and short service life. The carbon brush is easy to work for a long time or the voltage is too high, the load is too large, and the wear is very serious in a very short time. Therefore, at present, brushless motor has gradually replaced brushless motor.
The brushless motor has no built-in commutator like the brushless motor, so it cannot work independently. It must be matched with the commutator, that is, the brushless electric regulator can work. There is also an outer rotor motor in the brushless motor, which has good heat dissipation, many magnetic poles, large torque and low speed compared with the inner rotor motor. Most of them are used in aircraft models and UAVs.
The service life of brushless motor is greatly improved due to the absence of carbon brush. In addition, the speed of brushless motor is much higher than that of brushless motor. This has also caused some problems. When the early rise brushless motor was first introduced, it was often used with low-speed paddles to "burst the shell" and "burst the paddle". Shell burst means that the motor speed is too high, and the motor shell bursts due to excessive centrifugal force, resulting in the rapid flying out of the magnetic block. The propeller explosion is similar, that is, after reaching a certain speed, the propeller flies out of the motor and throws around due to centrifugal force or other forces. In addition, the brushless motor uses an external electronic commutator, with a commutation frequency of 8kHz. The frequency is very high, which also increases the power of the motor and reduces the weight compared with the brush motor.
When the brushless motor gradually captured the UAV market, it also led to the prosperity of another accessory, electric regulation. Since the brushless motor can not work independently, it can only work with the electric regulation as the commutator, so the electric regulation market has also been brought up.